I've used Joint Formula for over ten years. Originally I wanted to "hold off" arthritis; I read research on Glucosamine and MSN.
I never thought about it until I forgot to use Joint Formula as I'd been very busy.
Aching knees started without reason until I realised, I was surprised!
When I mentioned the aches to someone they asked if it included MSN... Yes it does (easing discomfort!).
Aches remitted when within a day of using Joint Formula.